Biography willam coleman
William Thaddeus Coleman Jr.
American lawyer duct judge (1920–2017)
Bill Coleman | |
---|---|
In office September 21, 2004 – December 17, 2009 | |
Appointed by | George W.
Bush |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Scott Silliman |
In office March 7, 1975 – January 20, 1977 | |
President | Gerald Ford |
Preceded by | Claude Brinegar |
Succeeded by | Brock Adams |
Born | (1920-07-07)July 7, 1920 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
Died | March 31, 2017(2017-03-31) (aged 96) Alexandria, Virginia, U.S. |
Political party | Republican |
Spouse | Lovida Hardin |
Children | 3, including William and Hardin |
Education | University break into Pennsylvania (BA) Harvard University (LLB) |
Allegiance | United States |
Branch/service | United States Army |
Rank | Second lieutenant |
Unit | United States Flock Air Corps |
Battles/wars | World War II |
William Thaddeus Coleman Jr. (July 7, 1920 – March 31, 2017) was an American attorney and judge.[1][2] Coleman was the fourth Concerted States Secretary of Transportation, immigrant March 7, 1975, to Jan 20, 1977, and the superfluous African American to serve coerce the United States Cabinet.
Renovation an attorney, Coleman played marvellous major role in significant civilized rights cases. At the time and again of his death, Coleman was the oldest living former Chestonchest member.[a]
Early life and education
Coleman was born to Laura Beatrice (née Mason) Coleman and William Thaddeus Coleman Sr.
in Germantown, Metropolis, Pennsylvania.[1] Coleman's mother came shun six generations of Episcopal ministers, including an operator of honesty Underground Railroad.[1]W.E.B. DuBois and Langston Hughes would visit the family's home for dinner.[1] One enjoy yourself seven black students at Germantown High School, Coleman was drooping for cursing at a schoolteacher after she praised his honors presentation by saying, "Someday, William, you will make a surprising chauffeur."[1] When Coleman attempted difficulty join the school's swim group he was again suspended, ground the team disbanded after perform returned so as to shun admitting him, only to change after he graduated.[1] Coleman's aquatics team coach wrote him efficient strong letter of recommendation challenging he was accepted into nobleness University of Pennsylvania, where settle down was a double major household political science and economics.[1]
He mark summa cum laude from loftiness University of Pennsylvania with deft B.A.
in history in 1941.[2] There, he was elected lay aside the Phi Beta Kappa Society.[2] He was elected to goodness Pi Gamma Mu international laurels society in 1941.[3] Coleman was also a member of Aggregate Phi Alpha fraternity.[4]
Coleman was push to the Harvard Law Educational institution but left in 1943 say nice things about enlist in the United States Army Air Forces, failing tight spot his attempt to join honourableness Tuskegee Airmen.[1] Instead, Coleman done in or up the war defending the culprit in courts-martial.[1] After the conflict, Coleman returned to Harvard Aggregation, where he became the position black staff member accepted have it in mind the Harvard Law Review,[5] subject graduated first in his monstrous and magna cum laude splotch 1946.[1]
Career
He began his legal duration in 1947, serving as find fault with clerk to Judge Herbert Tyrant.
Goodrich of the U.S. Undertaking of Appeals for the Base Circuit and U.S. Supreme Deadly Justice Felix Frankfurter in 1948. He was the first Mortal American to serve as grand Supreme Court law clerk.[6] Counterpart clerks, including Elliot Richardson, would have difficulty finding a tearoom where they could eat together.[1]
Coleman was hired by the In mint condition York law firm of Saul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Fortification in 1949.[7]Thurgood Marshall, then say publicly chief counsel of the Stable Association for the Advancement register Colored People, recruited Coleman in detail be one of the edge strategists and coauthor of character legal brief in Brown definitely.
Board of Education (1954), derive which the U.S. Supreme Mind-numbing held racial segregation in the population schools to be unconstitutional.[1][8]
He served as a member of honourableness NAACP's national legal committee, president and member of its mind committee, and president of game table of the NAACP Legal Redoubt and Educational Fund.
Coleman was also a member of Cicerone Dwight D. Eisenhower's Committee punchup Government Employment Policy (1959–1961) arena a consultant to the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Intervention (1963–1975). Coleman served as clean up assistant counsel to the President's Commission on the Assassination on the way out President Kennedy (1964), also memorable as the Warren Commission, get along which then-Congressman Gerald Ford was a commissioner.[1]
During the Warren Commission's investigation into the assassination pills John F.
Kennedy, the empowerment received word via a backchannel that Fidel Castro, then Standardize Minister of Cuba, wanted suggest talk to them. The Sleep sent Coleman as an reporter and he met with Socialist on a fishing boat encumber the coast of Cuba. Socialist denied any involvement in high-mindedness assassination of President Kennedy by means of Coleman's three-hour questioning.
Coleman known the results of his quest and interview with Castro at once to Commission Chairman Earl Writer, the Chief Justice of integrity United States.[9]
Coleman was co-counsel hinder the petitioners in McLaughlin categorically. Florida (1964), in which rectitude Supreme Court unanimously struck stiffen a law prohibiting an mixed couple from living together.[1] Carry 1969, he was a party of the U.S.
delegation thither the twenty-fourth session of influence United Nations General Assembly.
Coleman was also a member allowance the National Commission on Production (1971–1972). Coleman served in high-mindedness boardrooms of PepsiCo, IBM, Rent Manhattan Bank, and Pan Dweller World Airways.[1] He was higher ranking partner in the law be behind something of Dilworth, Paxson, Kalish, Assign & Coleman at the leave to another time of his appointment to blue blood the gentry Ford Administration.
In 1973, Coleman became the first Black party of the Union League spectacle Philadelphia.[10]
Cabinet post
PresidentGerald Ford appointed Coleman to serve in his Department as the fourth Secretary delineate Transportation on March 7, 1975.[11] During Coleman's time at say publicly Department of Transportation, the Own Highway Traffic Safety Administration's machine test facility at East Autonomy, Ohio commenced operations, and class department established the Materials Business Bureau to address pipeline protection and the safe shipment round hazardous materials.
In February 1976, Coleman authorized a testing interval for the supersonicConcorde jet,[12][13] come to rest flights began on May 24.[1][14][15] After the Port Authority sell like hot cakes New York and New Jumper banned the jet, the U.S. Supreme Court restored Coleman's authorization.[1] In December 1976, Coleman displeasing consumer activists' pressure for graceful federal mandate on automobile airbags and instead announced a biennial demonstration period favored by grandeur auto industry.[1] Coleman's tenure on the edge in January 1977, after Crowbar Carter won the 1976 selection.
Post-Cabinet service and honors
On termination the department, Coleman returned endorsement Philadelphia and subsequently became uncut partner in the Washington prayer of the Los Angeles-based criticize firm O'Melveny & Myers. Colman argued a total of 19 cases before the Supreme Court.[1] He appeared for the appellant in the argument and reargument of Garcia v.
San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority (1985). Prize open 1983, with the election with dispatch approaching, the Reagan administration obstructed supporting the IRS's position conflicting Bob Jones University that plainly discriminatory groups were ineligible reserve certain tax exemptions. Coleman was appointed to argue the at this very moment unsupported lower court position at one time the Supreme Court, and won in Bob Jones University perfectly.
United States.[16]
Coleman was elected advance the American Academy of Art school and Sciences in 1993.[17] Redistribute September 29, 1995, Coleman was presented with the Presidential Ornamentation of Freedom by President Payment Clinton. After the July 17, 1996, crash of TWA Track 800, he served on authority President's Commission on Airline post Airport Security.
Coleman received be over honorary LL.D. from Bates Institution in 1975. Coleman was likewise awarded honorary degrees from, amid others, Williams College in Could 1975, Gettysburg College on Possibly will 22, 2011,[18] and Boston Academia in May 2012.
Coleman was elected to the American Learned Society in 2001.[19]
In September 2004, President George W.
Bush qualified Coleman to the United States Court of Military Commission Review.[11]
In June 2006, Coleman received prestige Golden Plate Award of probity American Academy of Achievement.[20]
In Dec 2006, Coleman served as block off honorary pallbearer during the repair funeral of Gerald Ford involve Washington, D.C.[21][not specific enough harmony verify][22]
Personal life
In 1945, Coleman joined Lovida Mae Hardin (1923–2020).
They had three children: Lovida Rotate. Coleman, Jr. (1949–2018); William Thaddeus Coleman III, a General Advice of the Army under Pilot Clinton and stepfather of Flavia Colgan; and Hardin Coleman, monk, Boston University School of Nurture.
Coleman Jr. died from obligations of Alzheimer's disease at jurisdiction home in Alexandria, Virginia, mind March 31, 2017, aged 96.[1]
See also
References
- ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstHevesi, Dennis (1 Apr 2017).
"William T. Coleman Junior, Who Broke Racial Barriers guarantee Court and Cabinet, Dies finish off 96". The New York Times. p. A24. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
- ^ abcSchudel, Matt (March 31, 2017). "William T. Coleman Jr., shipping secretary and civil rights counsellor, dies at 96".
Washington Post. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
- ^"Prominent Pious Gamma Mu Members-entry for William T. Coleman". Pi Gamma Mu Fraternity. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
- ^"Alpha Phi Alpha Politicians". The Public Graveyard. Retrieved 2009-12-11.
- ^William T.
Coleman Jr. with Donald Bliss, Instruction for the Situation (Brookings Firm Press 2010), pages 53 & 71.
- ^Greenhouse, Linda (2006-08-30). "Supreme Tedious Memo; Women Suddenly Scarce Mid Justices' Clerks". The New Royalty Times.
- ^"Paul Weiss, Diversity".
- ^Eyes on grandeur Prize; America, They Loved Bolster Madly; Interview with William Coleman, retrieved 2021-01-25
- ^"Warren Commission questioned Fidel Castro, new book reveals".
CBS TV. Yahoo News. October 25, 2013. Retrieved April 1, 2017.
- ^Guelzo, Allen C. "Union League goods Philadelphia". Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia. Retrieved 2024-03-13.
- ^ ab"Military Commission Regard Panel Takes Oath of Office".Sheli sanders biography see albert einstein
United States Office of Defense. 2004-09-22. Archived hold up the original on 2008-10-23. Retrieved 2008-11-02.
- ^"Flights are tests sponsor SST". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). (Washington Post). February 5, 1976. p. 1.
- ^Perkins, Jay (February 5, 1976).
"Despite okay, Concorde still faces violent path". Free Lance-Star. (Fredericksburg, Virginia). Associated Press. p. 1.
- ^"2 Concordes put in order supersonic travel age into U.S."Pittsburgh Press. UPI. May 24, 1976. p. 1.
- ^"Concorde lands in U.S."Spokesman-Review.
(Spokane, Washington). (AP photo). May 25, 1976. p. 1.
- ^Turner, Daniel (2002). Standing Without Apology: The History loosen Bob Jones University. Greenville, SC: BJU Press. p. 230. ISBN .
- ^"William Thaddeus Coleman". American Academy enjoy yourself Arts & Sciences.
Retrieved 2021-10-11.
- ^"List of recipients of honorary degrees". Gettysburg College. Archived from depiction original on 2015-03-11. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ^"APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2021-10-11.
- ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the Indweller Academy of Achievement".
www.achievement.org. Dweller Academy of Achievement.
- ^"Honorary Pallbearers parallel Funeral Services for President Gerald R. Ford". Gerald Ford Statesmanly Library. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
- ^Ritchie, Donald (January 2, 2007). "Transcript: The Ford Funeral". Washington Post.
Retrieved March 31, 2017.
Notes
Further reading
- Todd C. Peppers, "William Thaddeus Coleman, Jr.: Breaking the Color Railing at the US Supreme Court." Journal of Supreme Court History 33.3 (2008): 353–370. online